Mapping European research networks

This paper proposes a framework for measuring the performance and mappingthe geography of the European Research Area (ERA) based on the analysis of existingresearch and knowledge networks. The objective is to provide insights into the spatialstructure of the European space from the perspective of the distribution of excellence inresearch. Starting from the debate on European spatial development, key issues such aspolycentricity, the territorial dimension and impact of European policies, the role of researchinvestments as an engine of urban and regional development, the paper explores thepotential use of integrating social network analysis and GIS in the evaluation of the spatialrelationalstructure of the European Research Area. The research uses data on theparticipation of academic and business research actors into research projects funded by theEuropean Commission under the Sixth Framework Programme. This paper proposes a framework for measuring the performance and mappingthe geography of the European Research Area (ERA) based on the analysis of existingresearch and knowledge networks. The objective is to provide insights into the spatialstructure of the European space from the perspective of the distribution of excellence inresearch. Starting from the debate on European spatial development, key issues such aspolycentricity, the territorial dimension and impact of European policies, the role of researchinvestments as an engine of urban and regional development, the paper explores thepotential use of integrating social network analysis and GIS in the evaluation of the spatialrelationalstructure of the European Research Area. The research uses data on theparticipation of academic and business research actors into research projects funded by theEuropean Commission under the Sixth Framework Programme

European Business Fluctuations in the Austrian Framework

The Austrian theory mainly deals with analyzing the effects of an increased credit offer on productive structures. In this respect, we propose to link long-term growth cycles to various short-term interest rate gaps. Are European Business Cycles affected when a fall in the money market rate disrupts agents’ expectations of inflation? Using the hypothesis that individual speculation is motivated by the difference between short-term real interest rates and their natural levels, we argue that Wicksellian interest rate gaps can account for a high proportion of long-term fluctuations in 4 European countries (Germany, France, Italy and Spain). We present specific dating methods and filters used in order to distinguish between short-term and long-term growth cycles. The Wicksellian incentives we constructed are then significantly linked to long-term business fluctuations. Under the hypothesis of adaptive expectations of inflation, our results are enhanced.European Growth Cycles Inflation Expectations

How Do Banking Supervisors Deal with Europe-wide Systemic Risk?

The systemic risk potential in the European banking market has increased. Hence, the following questions emerge: Is there a need for a truly European supervisory framework? And, how should a potential European supervisor be organised? This paper evaluates the existing supervisory framework as well as the recent proposal by the Economic and Financial Committee of the EU with respect to the increased Europe-wide systemic risk. We argue that cooperation between national supervisors even in the new framework will not be sufficient for safeguarding financial stability. As a consequence, we argue in favour of a European observatory of systemic risk. --banking supervision and regulation,European Union

Muon spin spectroscopy: magnetism, soft matter and the bridge between the two

LS would like to acknowledge financial support from the Swiss National Science Foundation, grant numbers PBFRP2-138632 and PBFRP2-142820. AD would like to acknowledge financial support from the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, grant number EP/G054568/1, the European Union Seventh Framework Programme project NMP3-SL- 2011-263104 ‘HINTS’ and the European Research Council project ‘Muon Spin Spectroscopy of Excited States (MuSES)’ proposal number 307593LS would like to acknowledge financial support from the Swiss National Science Foundation, grant numbers PBFRP2-138632 and PBFRP2-142820. AD would like to acknowledge financial support from the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, grant number EP/G054568/1, the European Union Seventh Framework Programme project NMP3-SL- 2011-263104 ‘HINTS’ and the European Research Council project ‘Muon Spin Spectroscopy of Excited States (MuSES)’ proposal number 307593LS would like to acknowledge financial support from the Swiss National Science Foundation, grant numbers PBFRP2-138632 and PBFRP2-142820. AD would like to acknowledge financial support from the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, grant number EP/G054568/1, the European Union Seventh Framework Programme project NMP3-SL- 2011-263104 ‘HINTS’ and the European Research Council project ‘Muon Spin Spectroscopy of Excited States (MuSES)’ proposal number 30759

Understanding European cross-border cooperation: a framework for analysis

European integration has had a dual impact on border regions. On the one hand, borders were physically dismantled across most of the EU’s internal territory. On the other hand, they have become a fertile ground for territorial co-operation and institutional innovation. The degree of cross-border co-operation and organization achieved varies considerably from one region to another depending on a combination of various facilitating factors for effective cross-border co-operation, more specifically, economic, political leadership, cultural/identity and state formation, and geographical factors. This article offers a conceptual framework to understand the growth and diversity of cross-border regionalism within the EU context by focusing on the levels of and drives for co-operation

European perspectives on a new fiscal framework for transport

This chapter presents an overview of changes in transport taxation in European countries to promote more sustainable transport. A number of changes in the framework of car taxation have resulted in some useful environmental gains. However, these changes are limited because the transport tax system has been designed to produce a substantial income from internal-combustion-engine vehicles in an easily administered form. A major restructuring of transport taxation is required to fully address a different goal – that of stimulating improvements to environmental performance. A generalised road user charging-based system could be the way forward. Such a system is now seen by several European countries and some USA states as the transport taxation regime for the 21st century. Tax regime change is emerging onto the transport policy agenda as a vital long-term strategy. Largely by default, transport policy-makers are coming to realise that road taxation regime change is inevitable if traffic and congestion management is to be a reality. The way we taxed vehicles and fuel in the 20th century is simply not appropriate for the transport challenges we face today

Power and changing modes of governance in the euro crisis

Which European Union actors are most powerful in the governance of the euro crisis? The euro crisis has reignited the classic debate between intergovernmentalists, who tend to stress the coercive power of dominant member states in the European Council, and supranationalists, who maintain that through the use of institutional power, the Commission, and the European Central Bank turned out the “winners” of the crisis. This article argues that euro crisis governance is best understood not just in terms of one form of power but instead as evolving through different constellations of coercive, institutional, and ideational power that favored different EU actors over the course of the crisis, from the initial fast-burning phase (2010–2012), where the coercive and ideational power of Northern European member states in the European Council was strongest, to the slow-burning phase (2012–2016), when greater influence was afforded supranational actors through the use of ideational and institutional power.Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; ENLIGHTEN-European Legitimacy in GoverningHorizon 2020 Framework Programme, ENLIGHTEN–European Legitimacy in Governin

"The Impact of EU's Cultural Activities on Establishing a European Identity"

European integration has historically been concerned with economic and commercial benefits, but now the aim is to take it further, starting with a broader base capable of involving citizens to a greater degree and strengthening the feeling of belonging to the European Union, while respecting the diversity of national and regional traditions and cultures. This development is reflected in the Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty signed on 7 February 1992), which designates new areas of Community responsibility (education, youth, culture, etc.). The main aim of this paper is to attempt to explore the features, capabilities and prospects of EU’s Cultural Activities in order to present a different approach to the institutional development of the European identity. It is also an attempt to spell out some of the practical political implications of the cultural diversity of states within the European Union framework. Therefore, the main task of this attempt is to explore and access the cultural activities of the European Union. The paper first examines the institutional framework for cultural activities then, the analysis shall focus upon the specific policies , programmes and measures that promote the establishment of the so-called "European Identity", which will boost the European citizenship

Case study report The view of the EU cultural and science diplomacy from Egypt. EL-CSID Working Paper Issue 2018/12 • April 2018

As a reminder of the framework of this study, it is worth mentioning, even in general terms, a few schemes and figures. A EU-Egypt Association Agreement (2004) and a EU-Egypt Partnership (2017) have been guiding the relationship between the European Union and the Arab Republic of Egypt, which was maintained throughout all the recent historical events and mishaps of this big country. EU assistance to Egypt under the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI) for 2007-2013 was over 1 billion €. Under the Single Support Framework for the period 2014-2016 a total amount of 320 million € in EU grants were committed by the EU. For the period 2014-2020, the European Neighbourhood Instrument (ENI) is the main financial instrument for EU cooperation with Egypt. A “Memorandum of Understanding regarding the EU's Single Support Framework 2017-2020” was signed with Egypt (for an amount of 500 million €), defining priority sectors, amongst which economic modernisation, energy and environment, having been consensually determined by both parties. The “Euro-Mediterranean agreement establishing an association between the European communities and their member states and the Arab Republic of Egypt” (2004) already included some articles about culture, science and innovation1